The Gut Bacterium That Worked Better Dead: Akkermansia's 29% Edge
In the first human trial of Akkermansia muciniphila, the pasteurized (heat-killed) version, not the live one, produced the headline results. Insulin sensitivity rose 28.62% and fasting insulin fell 34.08% versus placebo in overweight, insulin-resistant adults. The weight and fat changes everyone hopes for did not reach statistical significance, and several authors hold patents and co-founded a company selling the bacterium. Here is what the study found, what it can't tell you, and what to check before buying a supplement.
Urolithin A, the Pomegranate Postbiotic, Triggers a Mitophagy Signature in Older Adults
Urolithin A, a molecule made by gut bacteria from pomegranate and walnut polyphenols, has long rejuvenated muscle in aging animals. The first human trial in older adults found it safe, bioavailable, and able to shift mitochondrial biomarkers at 500 to 1,000 mg a day. The study, backed by the company behind Mitopure, showed a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial health in muscle. But it was small, short, and measured biomarkers rather than strength or longevity. Here is what the data show, who it is aimed at, and where the evidence stops.