Mushroom 'Longevity Vitamin' Raised NAD+ in Aged Rats via H2S Switch
Ergothioneine, the mushroom compound nicknamed the 'longevity vitamin,' just got a mechanism to match its buzz. In a Cell Metabolism study, aged rats given ET ran farther, gained vascularization and muscle, and showed higher muscle NAD+. The effect traced back to a hydrogen sulfide pathway: CSE, persulfidation, and the enzyme cGPDH. Knock out CSE or cGPDH and the benefits vanished. But this is animal and lab work, and the effective rat dose scales to roughly 10x what supplements typically provide.
Weekly Rapamycin for a Year: Safe, But Did Visceral Fat Budge?
Everyone wants to know whether weekly rapamycin can shrink visceral fat and boost healthspan, and the PEARL trial has an answer that may surprise you. After 48 weeks in healthy adults, the primary endpoint of visceral fat did not budge, yet safety looked comparable to placebo. Some secondary signals, including lean mass and pain in women on 10 mg and better well-being on 5 mg, hint at benefits. But those are subgroup and self-reported findings, the drug was compounded, and no one has shown that it extends human lifespan. Here is what the data supports and what it does not.
Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate Extended Female Mouse Lifespan by Up to 16.6%. Here's What That Does (and Doesn't) Mean for Humans
A 2020 Cell Metabolism study found that feeding middle-aged mice a 2% calcium alpha-ketoglutarate diet extended female median lifespan by up to 16.6% and reduced frailty. The effect was smaller in the second cohort (10.5%), and male survival gains were not statistically significant. Researchers link the benefit to lower systemic inflammation and a proposed rise in IL-10. But this was a mouse-only study, and it does not establish that AKG extends human lifespan. Here is what the data show, how they differ from supplement marketing, and why CaAKG belongs on a research watchlist rather than in a proven protocol.
Taurine, the Cheap Amino Acid That Stretched Mouse Lifespans by Up to 12%, Falls With Age in Humans
A 2023 Science study found that circulating taurine, a cheap and widely available amino acid, declines with age in mice, monkeys and humans. Supplementing middle-aged mice extended median lifespan by roughly 10-12% and improved healthspan in both rodents and monkeys. The compound appeared to curb cellular senescence, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammaging. Human data remain observational, and the mouse doses scale to several grams a day, so the evidence is far from proof. Here is what the study showed, what doses people have discussed, and why researchers say trials are needed before anyone treats taurine as an anti-aging pill.