Anserine, Dipeptide Daga Nonon Kaza, Ya Ƙara Ƙarfi Ga Masu MCI a Ƙwaƙwalwa
Takaitaccen Bayani
Anserine, wani dipeptide da ake samu a nonon kaza, ya ba da sakamako mai ɗimbin tasiri a cikin mutanen da ke da mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A cikin gwajin bazuwar da ya ɗauki makonni 12, shan miligram 500 a kowace rana ya haɓaka maki 1.9 a gwajin Mini‑Mental State Examination (MMSE), yayin da ƙungiyar placebo ba ta samu wani canji ba (p = 0.036). An yi zaton yadda anserine ke aiki ne ta hanyar tsarewa ko ɗaukar sinadarin hypochlorous acid (HClO) – wani kwayoyin da ke ƙara kumburin kwakwalwa. Sakamakon ya dace da binciken haɗin carnosine da kuma nazarin meta na 2024 da ya nuna ingantaccen delayed recall. Duk da haka, an gudanar da wannan bincike kan mutane 30 kacal, kuma an yi amfani da gwaji guda ɗaya, don haka abin da aka gano yana buƙatar ƙarin tantancewa.
Bayanin Gwaji
Wani ƙaramar gwaji a Japan ya ba da sakamako mai sha'awa: mutane masu MCI sun sha miligram 500 na anserine – dipeptide da ake samu a nonon kaza da kuma kifi – a kowace rana. Bayan makonni 12, maki a gwajin MMSE sun tashi kusan maki 2, yayin da rukunin placebo ba su sami wani sauyi ba.
Anserine ba shi da suna a manyan shagunan ƙari, amma yana da tarihin bincike da ke girma a hankali. Wannan gwajin bazuwar da aka wallafa a shekarar 2021 a mujallar Aging shi ne ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da suka fito, kuma yana bukatar a karanta shi da hankali.
Menene Anserine?
Anserine (beta‑alanyl‑3‑methyl‑L‑histidine) shi ne dipeptide, wato haɗin amino acid biyu. Yana da alaka sosai da carnosine, wani sinadari da aka fi sani da tasirin antioxidant da anti‑glycation. Dukansu suna cikin rukunin histidine‑containing dipeptides.
Anserine yana da yawa a tsokokin tsuntsaye da kifi. Nonon kaza na daga cikin manyan tushen sa, haka kuma tuna da sauran kifi. Shi ya sa ake samun sa a binciken “chicken breast peptide brain”. An sayar da shi a matsayin ƙarin gina jiki, galibi an samo shi daga ƙwayoyin kaza ko kifi, kuma yana yawan haɗuwa da carnosine a samfuran haɗe‑haɗe.
Tsarin Gwaji: Wanene, Menene, Da Tsawon Lokaci
Binciken da Tatsuhiro Hisatsune da tawagarsa suka jagoranta a Japan ya kasance gwajin bazuwar da aka yi a tsakanin masu MCI.
- Masu Gwajin: Mutane 58 masu manyan shekaru
- Raba Gwaji: Mutane 36 da ke da MCI – an ba su 500 mg anserine a rana ko placebo
- Tsawon Lokaci: Makonni 12
- Masu Kammala: Mutane 30 – 15 a kowanne rukuni
- Abubuwan da aka auna: Mini‑Mental State Examination (MMSE) a farkon gwaji da bayan shan magani
Sakamako
Rukunin da aka ba da anserine ya samu ƙaruwa a MMSE da +1.9 maki (SD = 2.0). Rukunin placebo ya tsaya a 0 maki (SD = 2.8). Bambancin ya kasance da muhimmanci a matakin p = 0.036.
Masana sun ƙara la’akari da yawan anserine da kowane mutum ke samu daga abincin yau da kullum (mutanen da ke cin kaza da kifi suna samun ɗan ƙari). Bayan yin wannan gyara, sakamakon ya ƙara ƙarfi zuwa p = 0.0176.
MMSE na da maki 30, don haka ƙaruwa maki 1.9 ba babba ba ce, amma a rukunin da ake sa ran za su tsaya ko su yi ƙasa‑kasa a hankali, ganin rukunin placebo yana tsaya yayin da na maganin ke tashi, shine abin da masana ke nema a farkon alamar tasiri.
Tsarin Aiki A Sauƙaƙe
Alzheimer ana ɗauka a matsayin cuta mai sashi na kumburi, ba kawai plaques da tangles ba. Marubutan sun mai da hankali kan sarkar abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Neutrophils (ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki) suna fitar da enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO).
- MPO yana samar da hypochlorous acid (HClO) – irin sinadarin da yake cikin bleach na gida – wanda ke kashe kwayoyin cuta.
- A kwakwalwa, yawaitar HClO na iya lalata ƙwayoyin da haifar da kumburi, wanda aka danganta da cigaban Alzheimer.
Anserine ana tsammanin yana aiki a matsayin mai tsare HClO. Yana ɗaukar wannan sinadari mai ƙarfi, wanda ke rage ɗigon kumburi da MPO ke haifarwa. A takaice, manufar ita ce rage wutar sinadarai a cikin kwakwalwa kafin su haifar da mummunan illa.
Don tabbatar da wannan tsari, binciken ya auna tunani ne kawai, ba alamomin kumburi a kwakwalwa ba. Tsarin aiki yana da ma’ana, amma ba a tabbatar da shi a wannan gwaji ba.
Alaka Da Carnosine Da Sauran Shaida
Anserine ba shi kaɗai ba ne. Wasu gwaje‑gwajen Japan da suka gabata sun yi amfani da hadadden anserine/carnosine, galibi ratio 4:1 da kusan gram 1 a rana, kuma sun ga fa’ida a wasu bangarorin tunawa da jini zuwa kwakwalwa a tsofaffi.
A kwanan nan, nazarin meta na 2024 a Nutrition Reviews ya haɗa bincike kan histidine‑containing dipeptides kuma ya gano ingantaccen delayed recall – iya tuna abu bayan ɗan jinkiri. Wannan muhimmin ne, domin delayed recall na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fara ƙasa a cutar Alzheimer.
Gwajin da ake tattaunawa a nan ya ƙara wani abu daban: sakamako na anserine kai‑tsaye, a ƙananan adadi, a mutanen da suka riga suna da MCI.
Abubuwan Amfani Na Gaskiya
- Kima: Gwajin ya yi amfani da 500 mg a rana na anserine. Samfuran da aka yi amfani da su a bincike na baya sun ba da kusan gram 1 a rana na dipeptides haɗe‑haɗe.
- Tushen abinci: Nonon kaza da kifi kamar tuna su ne manyan hanyoyin samun sa. Masana sun yi la’akari da cin abinci domin yana ƙara yawan sinadarin gaba ɗaya. Samun adadi mai ma’ana daga abinci kaɗai na iya zama wuya, shi ya sa ƙari ke da amfani.
- Nau’in samfuri: A kasuwa za ku ga nau’i biyu – anserine kai‑tsaye da haɗadden anserine/carnosine. Shaidar da ke kan kowane samfur na da bambanci, don haka ku duba alamar don sanin milligram na ainihi a kowane ciyawa.
- Wanda zai iya sha’awa: Mutanen da ke da damuwa kan tunawa ko da aka ba su diagnosis na MCI su tattauna da likita. Anserine ba magani ne ga dementia ba, kuma ba zai maye gurbin kulawar likita, motsa jiki, barci, sarrafa hawan jini, ko sauran halayen da aka nuna suna da fa’ida ba.
Iyakoki Na Gaskiya
Sakon yana da alƙawari, amma hujjojin har yanzu suna da iyaka:
- Ƙananan samfur: Mutane 30 kawai aka nazarta, 15 a kowanne rukuni. Ƙananan gwaje‑gwaje kan ƙara girman tasiri.
- Lokaci ƙanƙanta: Makonni 12 ba su ba da wata alama game da tasirin dogon lokaci ko ko fa’idar zata ci gaba.
- Gwaji guda ɗaya: Babban sakamakon shine MMSE, wanda ke da sauƙin canzawa da koyo ko yanayin mutum.
- Ƙasa guda: Dukkan mahalarta sun fito daga Japan, inda tsarin abinci da al’adu ke iya bambanta da sauran ƙasashe.
- Raguwar mahalarta: Daga 36 da aka yi randomisation, an nazarta 30 kawai, wanda zai iya shafar ƙimar sakamakon.
- Matsakaicin mahimmanci: p‑value na 0.036 ya ƙasa ƙa’ida ta al’ada, amma ba da nisa ba; don haka buƙatar maimaitawa.
Wannan ba yana nufin anserine ba ya aiki ba; yana nufin za a buƙaci manyan gwaje‑gwaje masu tsawo, wurare da yawa, tare da gwaje‑gwajen kwakwalwa da biomarker don tabbatar da fa’ida da kuma ingancin tsarin HClO.
Ƙarshe
Anserine wani dipeptide ne da ake samu daga abinci, mai yiwuwa yana da tasirin anti‑kumburi, kuma yana da gwajin mutum ƙanana da ke ci gaba. Shaidar 500 mg a rana ta nuna kusan maki 2 na ƙaruwa a MMSE a makonni 12 yayin da placebo ya tsaya. Idan an haɗa da binciken haɗadden samfura da nazarin meta na 2024 da ya nuna ingantaccen delayed recall, anserine na ɗaya daga cikin ƙarin da ake ɗauka a matsayin mai tallafawa lafiyar kwakwalwa. Har yanzu ba a tabbatar da ita a matsayin magani ba. Idan kuna tunanin amfani da ita, ku tattauna da likitan ku, musamman idan kuna da damuwa kan tunawa da ke buƙatar cikakken bincike.
