Epithalon Switched On Telomerase in Cells—But Not in People
A tiny four-amino-acid peptide reportedly switched on telomerase, an enzyme most adult cells keep silent, and lengthened telomeres in human cells. That is the finding behind Epithalon's longevity buzz. But it came from fetal fibroblasts in a dish, not from people, and the paper's talk of extending lifespan is a hypothesis. Here is what the 2003 study actually showed, what it leaves out, and how to read it before you buy anything.
Vitamin D3 Preserved 140 Base Pairs of Telomere in a 4-Year RCT
A large, randomized, placebo-controlled trial found that four years of vitamin D3 slowed telomere shortening by about 140 base pairs. The data come from the VITAL study of older U.S. adults taking 2,000 IU/day. The effect was modest and borderline significant (p=0.039), and telomere length is a surrogate marker, not proof of a longer life. Omega-3s, meanwhile, did nothing for telomeres in this trial. Here is what the numbers show, what the limits are, and how to use the finding sensibly.