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Approach: macro science. Palette: natural.

Extreme close-up of a fresh rosemary sprig shot at a slight overhead angle with a macro lens at a shallow depth of field. The needle-like leaves fill the frame. Their glossy dark-green upper surfaces and pale, felted undersides are sharp in the foreground. Tiny oil glands and fine hairs catch the light, and a few beads of aromatic oil glisten on the leaf edges. A small pale-violet rosemary flower sits in the mid-ground. Soft morning daylight comes through a window from the left and gives warm, natural highlights. The background melts into a creamy blur of garden greens and earthy terracotta brown. One needle tip glows with a subtle electric green (#00e676) rim light. The mood is calm, fresh and curious, with a quiet scientific intimacy and no text.
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超市常见草本提升记忆、缓解焦虑并改善睡眠评分

Nova Chen · · 1 min read

超市常见草本提升记忆、缓解焦虑并改善睡眠评分

一种在超市即可买到的普通草本,在一项随机、双盲的大学生试验中,竟然在一个月内显著改善了记忆、焦虑和睡眠得分。这也是该试验标题的核心结论。但研究仍存在不少局限,建议在把迷迭香加入日常之前,先弄清细节。

研究是怎么做的

伊朗克尔曼医科大学的研究团队于 2018 年在 Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice(《临床实践中的补充疗法》)上发表了这项双盲、安慰剂对照试验。第一作者是 Nematolahi,合著者还有 Mehrabani、Karami‑Mohajeri 和 Dabaghzadeh。

研究设计

  • 参与者:68 名在校大学生
  • 干预:每日两次、每次 500 mg 干燥迷迭香叶粉(合计 1 g),以胶囊形式服用
  • 对照:外观相同的安慰剂胶囊,服用方式相同
  • 持续时间:1 个月
  • 测评时间点:基线与 1 个月后,使用三份问卷评估
    • 前瞻‑回顾记忆问卷(PRMQ)
    • 医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)
    • 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)

PRMQ 包含前瞻记忆(记得将来要做的事)和回顾记忆(回想已发生的事)两类。大学生是合适的研究对象,因为他们常出现记忆失误、压力大和睡眠不佳的情况。

研究发现了什么

标题所说的“广泛”并非夸大。1 个月后,除 睡眠潜伏期 与 睡眠时长 两项外,迷迭香组在所有量表及其子量表的得分均显著低于安慰剂组(在这些问卷中,得分越低代表表现越好)。具体改进包括:

  • 前瞻记忆
  • 回顾记忆
  • 焦虑
  • 抑郁
  • 整体睡眠质量(以及大多数子项)

唯一例外的是 睡眠潜伏期 与 睡眠时长,这两项在 PSQI 中没有出现显著变化。摘要并未给出效应量,也未列出具体的分数变化幅度,导致我们只能看到方向与统计显著性,却不清楚实际改善的大小是否在日常生活中能被感知。

作者的结论是:在大学生群体中,迷迭香可能有助于提升两类记忆、降低焦虑与抑郁、改善睡眠质量。

注意事项:在大批量购买前先了解这些

  • 全部依赖自评:记忆、情绪和睡眠均通过问卷测量,缺乏客观的记忆测验、睡眠监测或生物标志物。问卷得分易受期待效应影响,安慰剂组虽部分平衡,但仍可能存在偏倚。
  • 单中心、单人群:受试者均来自伊朗同一所大学,结果未必适用于老年人、认知受限者或临床抑郁、焦虑患者。
  • 仅 1 个月:我们不知道效果是会随时间减弱、保持还是增强,也不清楚停药后的情况。
  • 机制不明:本研究使用的是整叶粉末,而非单一活性成分。迷迭香已知含有肉桂酸、迷迭香酸等具有抗氧化和神经活性的化合物;但本试验并未证明哪一种成分是功效来源,仅供背景参考。
  • 需要复制:68 人的一项试验只能算作初步信号,尚未形成定论,仍需要更多独立重复的研究来确认。

如果想尝试,怎么使用(仅供实验性质参考)

  • 剂量:总计 1 g/天,分为两次各 500 mg。
  • 服用时间:每日两次,论文未说明是饭前还是饭后,故不必过度解读。
  • 形态:干燥迷迭香叶粉的胶囊。将迷迭香撒在晚餐上是完全不同的做法,烹调用量通常更少且不稳定,且缺乏证据表明能产生同等效果。精油是另一种产品,本文未测试,切勿口服。
  • 周期:目前仅有 1 个月的证据支持,超出此范围即超出已知证据范围。
  • 记录:由于结局指标主观,最好的做法是自行记录。可先设立一段基线期,然后每周记录情绪、睡眠和健忘情况,以观察是否出现明显变化。

适合人群与不适合人群

可能适合尝试的人:健康的成年人,尤其是学生或其他精神负荷较大的人,想探索一种低成本的草本选项,并愿意将其视作实验性补充剂。

不建议或需先咨询医生的人(基于一般安全考虑,而非本研究结论):

  • 怀孕或哺乳期女性——药用剂量的安全性尚未在这些人群中得到验证。
  • 正在服用抗凝药、抗癫痫药或其他处方药的人——草本可能产生药物相互作用。
  • 已被诊断为抑郁、焦虑或睡眠障碍的患者——补充剂不能替代正规治疗,本试验也未在临床患者中进行。

总结

这项研究的发现是真实的,但证据仍属有限:在 68 名学生中,持续 1 个月的每日 1 g 迷迭香胶囊在自评的记忆、焦虑、抑郁以及多数睡眠指标上优于安慰剂,但对入睡时间和睡眠时长没有显著影响。它是否能作为真正的“智能药”,带来客观的认知提升仍缺乏证据。对健康人而言,这是一项成本低、风险小的探索性实验,也为后续开展客观终点的大规模试验指明了方向。

Original study

Read the original research on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov →

This article summarizes published research for general information. It is not medical advice.

NC

Written by

Nova Chen

Nova Chen writes for Biocracked: biohacking science, longevity & human performance.

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