In the first human trial of Akkermansia muciniphila, the pasteurized (heat-killed) version, not the live one, produced the headline results. Insulin sensitivity rose 28.62% and fasting insulin fell 34.08% versus placebo in overweight, insulin-resistant adults. The weight and fat changes everyone hopes for did not reach statistical significance, and several authors hold patents and co-founded a company selling the bacterium. Here is what the study found, what it can't tell you, and what to check before buying a supplement.
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