Kun taɓa jin ƙarar da ake yadawa: ƙara abinci mai rahusa da ake cewa tana daidai da maganin farko na cutar suga

Wani ƙaramar gwaji na farko da aka wallafa a 2008 a Metabolism ya zama tushen wannan hayaniya, kuma lissafin ainihi ya cancanci a karanta da kyau, har da sassan da ƙarar ba ta taɓa ambata ba.

Sakamakon da aka fi maida hankali a kai: a cikin mutane masu sabuwar ganewar cutar suga nau’in 2, tasirin berberine wajen rage suga ya yi daidai da na metformin, kuma HbA1c a ƙungiyar berberine ya sauka daga 9.5 % zuwa 7.5 % cikin watanni uku. Wannan abu ne mai ban mamaki, amma har yanzu gwaji ne ƙanana a cikin masu cutar suga, ba a cikin masu lafiya da ke neman “bio‑hack” ba.

Madogara: Yin J, Xing H, Ye J. "Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus." Metabolism. 2008 May;57(5):712‑7. PubMed record | DOI

Menene ainihin gwajin ya ƙunsa?

Takardar tana ba da rahoton gwaje‑gwaje biyu masu zaman kansu, kowannensu ya ɗauki watanni uku.

• Gwaji A: mutane 36 da aka sabunta ganowarsu da cutar suga nau’in 2 an raba su zuwa rukuni‑ruƙuni biyu; an ba su berberine ko metformin a daidai gwargwado. An ba su 0.5 g sau uku a rana.
• Gwaji B: mutane 48 da ke da cutar suga ba a sarrafa ba, suka sha berberine a gefe da maganin da suke riga suna amfani da shi, har na tsawon watanni uku.

Gwaji A shine gwajin kai‑da‑kai (placebo‑controlled). Gwaji B ba shi da rukuni‑na‑kwatanta a cikin takaitaccen bayani; yana tambayar ko berberine na ƙara wani tasiri a kan maganin da marasa lafiya ke sha.

Sakamakon Gwaji A: berberine vs. metformin

Masu bincike sun kammala da cewa tasirin berberine na rage suga yana kama da na metformin. A ƙungiyar berberine an samu waɗannan canje‑canje:

Alamar	Kafin	Bayan	Mahimmanci
HbA1c	9.5 % ± 0.5 %	7.5 % ± 0.4 %	P < 0.01
Glukos na safe	10.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L	6.9 ± 0.5 mmol/L	P < 0.01
Glukos bayan cin abinci	19.8 ± 1.7 mmol/L	11.1 ± 0.9 mmol/L	P < 0.01
Triglycerides	1.13 ± 0.13 mmol/L	0.89 ± 0.03 mmol/L	P < 0.05

Takaitaccen bayani ba ya ba da lambobin rukunin metformin, don haka “kama” ya dogara ne kacokam a kan bayanin marubuta.

Sakamakon Gwaji B: berberine a matsayin ƙari

A cikin mutanen 48 da ke da cutar suga marasa sarrafa, berberine ya rage glukos na safe da na bayan cin abinci daga mako na ɗaya har zuwa ƙarshen gwajin. Wasu muhimman bayanai:

• HbA1c: 8.1 % ± 0.2 % zuwa 7.3 % ± 0.3 % (P < 0.001)
• Insulin na plasma a safe: raguwar 28.1 % (P < 0.001)
• HOMA‑IR (ma’aunin rashin amincin insulin): raguwar 44.7 % (P < 0.001)
• Cholesterol gaba ɗaya da LDL: duk sun ragu sosai (ba a bayar da adadi a takaitaccen bayani ba)

Raguwar insulin da HOMA‑IR su ne abubuwan da masu sha’awar lafiyar metabolism za su kamata su lura da su, domin suna nuna ingantaccen amincin insulin maimakon sauƙaƙan matakan glukos kawai.

Yaya berberine ke aiki? (Ta hanyar AMPK)

Takardar ta yi nuni da cewa an nuna berberine yana sarrafa glukos da ƙwayoyin kitse a cikin dakin gwaje‑gwaje da a jikin dabbobi. Ba a tantance wani salon aiki ba. A mafi yawancin adabi, an ce berberine yana kunna AMPK, wani enzyme a cikin ƙwayoyin da ke ƙara cin glukos da ƙone kitse, tare da rage adanar kitse da samar da glukos a hanta. Metformin ma ana ɗauka yana shiga hanyoyin da suka shafi AMPK, shi ya sa kwatantawar ke da ban sha’awa.

A nan, ku ɗauki wannan a matsayin bayani na asali, ba sakamakon gwaji ba. Gwajin ya auna sakamako, ba aikin AMPK ba.

Karamin rubutu: iyakoki

Kafin ku canza ƙarin abincinku, ku yi la’akari da waɗannan:

• Ƙananan gwaje‑gwaje na farko. Mutane 36 da 48 ba su isa su tabbatar da wata hujja ba; su ne kaɗan don ba da shawarar yin ƙarin bincike.
• Masu cutar suga ne kawai. Gwaji A ya kunshi sabbin marasa lafiya, yayin da Gwaji B ya ƙunshi marasa lafiya masu sarrafa da ba daidai ba. Ba ya nuna abin da berberine zai yi a cikin mutane masu lafiya ko waɗanda ke da matsalolin metabolism na ƙanana.
• Gwaji B yana da ƙari‑ƙari. Ba tare da rukuni‑na‑kuma‑ba a takaitaccen bayani ba, ba za a iya tabbatar da cewa berberine kaɗai ne ya haifar da canjin ba.
• Lokaci ɗan gajeren. Watanni uku ba su ba da alamar aminci na dogon lokaci ko tabbacin tsawon amfani ba.
• Illolin hanji sun kasance da yawa. Masu cuta 20 (34.5 %) sun fuskanci rashin jin daɗin hanji na ɗan lokaci. Takaitaccen bayani ba ya fayyace adadin ainihi, kuma 20 na daga cikin 58 ba su dace da ƙungiyoyin da aka ambata ba, don haka ba a fayyace ba.
• Alamomin aminci sun iyakance ga abin da aka duba. Marubutan sun ce ba su ga wata matsalar hanta ko koda ba, amma wannan yana nuni da ƙaramin binciken aminci.

Kila kun taɓa ganin berberine ana kiransa “Ozempic na halitta”. Wannan ƙarar ne daga intanet, kuma wannan gwaji ba ya gwada wani abu makamancin haka. Ba a yi gwajin rage kiba ba, kuma ba a kwatanta da magungunan GLP‑1.

Abin da yake nufi a gare ku: muhimman abubuwa

• Matsakaicin da aka yi amfani da shi a gwaji: 0.5 g sau uku a rana, kamar yadda aka ambata a rukuni na metformin (gwaji A). Takaitaccen bayani ba ya bayyana lokacin cin abinci, amma a mafi yawan lokuta, a ci tare da abinci yana taimakawa rage rashin jin daɗin hanji.
• Waɗanda wannan hujja ta shafi: manya masu cutar suga nau’in 2, tare da likita da ke bibiyar matakan sukari da HbA1c. Idan kana da lafiya sosai, wannan bincike ba ya nuna amfanin kai.
• Waɗanda ya kamata su guje shi ko su yi hankali kwarai:
  • Duk wanda ke kan maganin suga, domin ƙara wani abu mai rage sukari na iya haifar da ƙarancin sukari (hypoglycemia).
  • Duk wanda ke amfani da magunguna da iyaka mai ƙanƙanta na aminci. Berberine na iya hulɗa da wasu magunguna ta hanyar canza yadda jiki ke metabolizawa, don haka a duba da likita ko ƙwararren magani.
  • Mata masu juna biyu, masu shayarwa, ko masu fama da cutar hanta ko koda. A tuntubi kwararre kafin a fara.
• Illolin da za a iya fuskanta: A wannan gwaji, matsalolin hanji ne mafi yawa kuma na ɗan lokaci. Idan kun gwada berberine tare da kulawar likita, ku shirya cewa zai ɗauki wani lokaci kafin jikinku ya saba.
• Gaba ɗaya: Berberine ba zai maye gurbin maganin suga da aka rubuta maka ba, sai dai idan likita ya yanke shawarar hakan. Wannan gwajin na 2008 alama ce mai kyau wadda ke buƙatar manyan gwaje‑gwaje masu tsawo da kyakkyawan kulawa. Ba shine izinin canza metformin zuwa ƙarin abinci ba.

Wannan rubutun yana nufin bayar da bayanai kawai, ba shawarwarin likita ba.