Microplastics a Jinin Ka? Chitosan Ya Rage Matakin da 26 % Cikin Kwanaki 15

Taƙaitaccen Bayani: A sabon gwajin da aka gudanar, an gano microplastics a jinin kowane mahalarta kafin a ba da wani ƙari. Mutane 11 da suka sha 0.8 g a rana na chitosan da aka samo daga Procambarus clarkii (ƙwanƙolin crayfish), na tsawon kwanaki 15, sun ga matakin robobi a jini ya ragu da 26.3 %, yayin da ƙungiyar placebo ba ta nuna wani canji ba. Binciken da aka yi a beraye ya nuna chitosan na iya yin gel a hanji kuma ya fitar da robobi ta bayan gida. Sai dai, tare da mahalarta 21 kacal, ba a sami sakamakon lafiya ba, kuma hanyoyin auna ba su da cikakkiyar ƙwarewa – wannan ra'ayi ne mai alƙawari, ba tabbacin tsabtace jiki ba. Ga abin da binciken ya gano, abin da ba zai iya gaya mana ba, da kuma yadda za mu yi tunani a kai da hankali.

Menene Chitosan?

Chitosan ana samun sa ne ta hanyar cire acetyl daga chitin, wanda ke cikin ƙashin ƙwon ƙusoshi kamar su shrimp, crab, da crayfish. An dade ana sayar da shi a matsayin ƙari, yawanci a nuni da shi don ƙamawa mai ko rakiyar cholesterol, kuma ana amfani da shi a fannin takardar kiɗa, sutura, da wasu kayayyakin likita.

Abin da ya ja hankalin masana a nan shi ne yadda chitosan ke aiki a cikin hanji. A yanayi mai acidic, chitosan na da ƙarfin lantarki masu kyau kuma zai iya kafa gel mai kauri. Wannan ikon gel‑kaya‑kaya da riƙe kwayoyin roba ne ake danganta da yiwuwar rage microplastics.

Ta Yaya Chitosan Ke Kama Robobi a Hanji?

Manufar ta kasance mai sauƙi. Microplastics da muke sha a abinci, ruwa, ko ƙura suna wucewa cikin hanji, inda wani sashe zai iya tsallaka zuwa jini. Idan chitosan ya ƙware gel a hanji kuma ya ɗaure ƙananan kwayoyin roba, za a iya kawar da su ta hanyar bayan gida maimakon a shiga jini.

Wannan ra'ayi an kira shi "gastrointestinal sequestration". Muhimmanci, binciken bai tabbatar da wannan a kai tsaye a cikin mutane ba – an auna microplastics ne a jini, ba a bayan gida ba – don haka ƙididdigar ɗaurin hanji har yanzu tana nan a matsayin zato.

Binciken

Takardar da Cornelli, Belcaro, da Casella suka rubuta an wallafa ta a Journal of Xenobiotics a watan Mayu 2026. Gwajin yana da mahimmanci, amma yana da iyakokin da ke bukatar a yi la’akari da su.

• Mahalarta: Mutane 21 masu lafiya.
• Rukuni na chitosan: Mutane 11 suka sha chitosan da aka samo daga Procambarus clarkii – 0.8 g a rana (kapsul biyu na 400 mg) tsawon kwanaki 15.
• Rukuni na placebo: Mutane 10 da suka karɓi placebo.

An tantance microplastics a jini ta hanyar stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, da micro‑FTIR spectroscopy. Waɗannan hanyoyi suna ba da damar ƙididdige kwayoyin, girman su, siffofi, da nau’in polymer har zuwa 700 nm.

Sakamako

A farkon gwajin, an gano microplastics a jinin kowane mahalarta. Bayan shan chitosan, matsakaicin yawan microplastics ya sauka daga 1.84 ± 0.28 µg/mL zuwa 1.34 ± 0.20 µg/mL, wato raguwa da 26.3 % (p < 0.01, gwajin paired‑t).

• Kowane nau’in polymer: An ga raguwar yawan kwayoyin a mafi yawan rukuni‑rukuni, ba a takaita ga wani nau’i ba.
• Girman kwayoyin: Ragin ya fi yawa a ƙananan ƙwayoyin 11–50 µm.

Masu binciken sun kuma ƙididdige lokacin tsayuwar microplastics a jini kimanin 58 ± 28 kwanaki. Idan wannan gaskiya ne, yana nuni da cewa matakin microplastics ba su da dindindin, kuma na iya canzawa cikin makonni zuwa watanni – ra’ayin da ke nuna cewa rage sabuwar shigowa zai iya sa mataki ya sauka da sauri.

Bayanan Dabbobi Da Suka Gabata

Sakamakon ga mutane ba su dogara ne kawai da binciken ƙanƙara ba. Binciken beraye da Liu & Shimizu suka wallafa a Scientific Reports (2025) ya nuna chitosan na ƙara fitar da microplastics na polyethylene a bayan gida. Wannan na tallafawa ra’ayin cewa chitosan na taimakawa kawar da robobi a dabbobi, wanda zai iya zama alama mai kyau ga mutane. Amma sakamakon dabbobi ba koyaushe suke haduwa da na mutane ba, kuma takardar guda ba ta isa ba don kafa hujja mai ƙarfi a kan ɗan adam.

Muhimman Matsaloli Da Ya Kamata A Kula Da Su

• Karamin adadi: Mahalarta 21 kacal, 11 kawai a rukuni na chitosan. Gwaje‑gwajen ƙanana na iya haifar da sakamako na hayaniya da ƙara ƙima.
• Tsarin gwaji: Ana amfani da gwajin da ya ƙirƙiri zato (pilot), ba wanda ke tantance sahihanci ba.
• Lokaci: Kwanaki 15 ba su ba da damar ganin tasirin dogon lokaci, dawowar sakamako, ko wasu matsalolin lafiya.
• Babu alamar lafiya: An auna microplastics ne kawai, ba inflammation, haɗarin zuciya, ko wasu alamun rashin lafiya ba. Rage microplastics a jini ba lallai ne ya ba da ƙarin lafiya ba.
• Hanyoyin auna marasa ƙwarewa: Tantance microplastics a jini har yanzu yana da matsaloli – ba a daidaita da kyau ba, kuma bambancin na’urori na iya haifar da sakamako maras tabbas.
• P‑value na paired t‑test: An samu ƙimar p‑value ne daga gwajin cikin‑rukuni (paired) na masu shan chitosan, ba daga gwajin bambanci tsakanin rukuni ba – wannan na nufin ƙarfi ƙasa.
• Allergy ga ƙwankwaso: Chitosan da aka samo daga ƙwanƙolin crustaceans na iya haifar da reakshin ko'ina ga masu allergy ga ƙwankwaso. Ya kamata su tuntuɓi likita kafin su sha.

Domin ƙara sahihanci, za a bukaci gwaje‑gwajen da ba su da iyaka, auna a bayan gida da jam’i, da bincike kan tasirin lafiya.

Abubuwan Da Za Ka Iya Yi Da Su

Idan kana sha’awar wannan, ga wasu shawarwari masu hankali:

1. Lura da ƙima: An yi amfani da 0.8 g a rana, wanda aka raba zuwa kapsul biyu na 400 mg a daddare, na kwanaki 15. Wannan ba shawara ba ce, sai dai tsarin gwaji.
2. Kulawa da haɗin magunguna: Chitosan yana ɗaure mai, don haka zai iya rage shan bitamin masu narkewa da mai (A, D, E, K) da wasu magunguna. Raba lokutan shan chitosan da waɗannan abubuwa, ko tuntuɓi ƙwararren lafiya.
3. Kada ka ɗauka cewa sauran fiber za su yi aiki: Alginate, psyllium, da wasu fiber ba su shiga wannan bincike ba – gabatarwa ne kawai.
4. Fara da rage shigarwa: Rage yawan hulɗa da filastik abu ne mafi tabbatacce fiye da ƙoƙarin cire su a jiki. Tace ruwan sha, guje wa abincin da aka nannade da filastik, kaucewa zafafa abinci a cikin filastik, da amfani da gilashi ko karfe mai ɗorewa.
5. Duba allergy: Idan kana da allergy ga ƙwankwaso, guji chitosan ko nemi madadin da ba ya kunshi crustaceans.

Kammalawa

Wannan gwaji na farko ya nuna alama mai ban sha’awa: wani ƙari da ake samu a kasuwa na iya rage matakin microplastics a jini cikin makonni biyu. Amma da mahalarta 21 kacal, lokaci gajere, da babu alamar ingantaccen lafiya, ba za a iya ɗaukar wannan a matsayin hujja ta ƙarshe ba. A ɗauki sakamakon a matsayin ƙirƙirar ƙarin bincike, ba a matsayin izinin ƙara wannan kwaya a kowanne shirin kiwon lafiya ba.